Over the centuries, Turkish enriched with so many words taken from other languages, simply because of the ongoing relationships of nations. Almost every language has exchanged words. Like Latin affected most European languages, Persian affected Turkish, Indian, Arabic, Urdu, etc. Similarly Turkish had contributed to other languages as well. Below is a small list of words commonly used in daily life; some of these are used in Indian and Urdu as well.

Aga: master
Amir: Arabic for prince or commander
Baba: Persian for father
Badshah (or Padshah): Persian for lord of the kings, emperor
Banu: Persian for lady, title for Muslim noblewomen
Bakht (baht): Persian for fortune
Basit: Arabic for simple
Cevab (cevap): Arabic for answer
Cumle: Arabic for sentence
Defa: Arabic for times, repetition
Ebat: Arabic for dimensions
Ecel: Arabic for (predestined time of) death
Evvel: Arabic for before
Fiil: Arabic for verb
Firman (ferman): Persian for royal command or order

Hafiza: Arabic for memory
Hatira: Arabic for memoir
Hediyye: Arabic for gift
Huzur: Persian for presence
Izzat (izzet): Persian for honour
Jang (cenk): Persian for war

Kanun: Arabic for law
Khan (han, kaan): Persian for lord
Malik: Persian for king
Memleket: Arabic for country
Mulk: kingdom

Namaz: prayer
Nikah: Persian for muslim marriage contract
Pir: Muslim saint or religious leader.
Ruzgar: Arabic for wind

Sardar (serdar): military commander
Subah (sabah): Arabic for morning
Sultan: ruler

Seker: Sugar has come from India. It started from the Sanskrit sarkara, to Persian shakar, to Arabic sukkar, to Old Italian zucchero, Old Latin succarum, Old French sukere, Middle English Sugre to finally become today’s sugar.

Tahsil: revenue

Wakil (vekil): Persian for agent
Wali (vali): Persian for governor
Wazir (vezir): Persian for minister

Zada (zade): Persian for son
Zaman: Persian for age, time
Zamin (zemin): land
Zamir: Arabic for pronoun

.. to be continued

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_replaced_loan_words_in_Turkish
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics
http://www.4dw.net/royalark/India/glossary.htm

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